Defining consonance as performing a task with exactly the same attitude as the subject's initial attitude, this experiment aimed to compare self-perception theory with cognitive dissonance theory in attitude change and attitude recall conditions by the forced compliance paradigm. The finding that there was neither attitude change nor recall error in the consonant subjects made it possible to compare the two theories without the theoretical difficulty of attitude change by consonant subjects reported in Shaffer's study. The results that the dissonant subjects did not differ from the consonant subjects in the evaluation of task interest and task importance were more consistent with self-perception theory, but were contrary to the prediction of dissonance theory that the dissonant subjects would show lower evaluation of both task interest and task importance. A possibility of integrating them by delimiting each theory's applicable range was suggested.