ANTXR-1 and -2 independent modulation of a cytotoxicity mediated by anthrax toxin in human cells

Daisuke FUJIKURA; Kochi TOYOMANE; Kozue KAMIYA; Memi MUTOH; Etsuko MIFUNE; Miyuki OHNUMA; Hideaki HIGASHI

doi:10.1292/jvms.15-0727

This article has now been updated. Please use the final version.

ANTXR-1 and -2 independent modulation of a cytotoxicity mediated by anthrax toxin in human cells

Daisuke FUJIKURA, Kochi TOYOMANE, Kozue KAMIYA, Memi MUTOH, Etsuko MIFUNE, Miyuki OHNUMA, Hideaki HIGASHI

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Keywords: anthrax, ANTXRs, cell death, macrophage, toxin

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS Advance online publication

Article ID: 15-0727

DOI https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.15-0727

The final version of this article is now available: Vol. 78 (2016), No. 8 pp. 1311-1317

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Abstract

Several animal models have shown that anthrax toxin (ATX) elicits a cytotoxic effect on host cells through anthrax toxin receptor (ANTXR) function. In this study, compared with mouse cells, cells obtained from humans exhibited low sensitivity to ATX-mediated cytotoxicity, and the sensitivity was not correlated with expression levels of ANTXRs. ATX treatment also induced a cytotoxic effect in other cultured human cells, human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells, that express ANTXRs at undetectable levels. Furthermore, ectopic expression of ANTXRs in HEK293 cells did not affect the sensitivity to ATX treatment. These findings suggest that there is an ANTXR-independent cytotoxic mechanism in human cells.

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