The “New Pathway Program” for clinicians and “Harvard-MIT program” for medical researchers are described under the guidance of Prof. A. Leaf, who reformed the medical education earlier. The core of this educational methodology is the use of problem-based discussions and independent study. In this approach, small groups of students analyze a problem with a faculty leader and then identify a learning agenda for selfstudy. In follow-up tutorial sessions, students use what they have learned to reexamine the problem and refine their knowledge. This approach is based on adult learning theory, which casts the student in the role of active, responsible participant in the educational processes. In order to implement this New Pathway, both abundant learning resources (faculty, facility etc.) and excellent admission procedures for students (interviews etc.) are also described.