Growth, yield and physiological characteristics in hexaploid triticale (×Triticosecale WITTMACK) were analyzed under salt and water stress conditions. Two cultivars, Welsh (substitution type) and Currency (complete type), were employed in this study. Growth and yield were remarkably reduced by the combined effect of salt and water stress than by either of the two kinds of stress. Continuation of saline irrigation with 100 mM NaCl solution in Currency and 50 mM NaCl solution in Welsh reduced the yield-loss caused by water stress. Photosynthetic rate was decreased by salinity in Welsh but was not affected in Currency. However, the values of this parameter were decreased by water stress and by combined salt and water stress in both cultivars. No consistent relationship was observed between photosynthetic rate and any of stomatal resistance, intercellular CO₂ concentration, transpiration rate, and leaf water potential under salt stress conditions. However, some relationships were observed between the above parameters under water stress, and combined salt and water stress conditions. Transpiration rate and leaf water potential were decreased under both kinds of stress conditions. Chloride, sodium and potassium concentrations in the leaves were pronouncedly increased when water stress was imposed on salt affected plants. Accumulating tendency to calcium and magnesium in the leaves was not similar in the two cultivars but that to potassium was similar, which may suggest that potassium rather than calcium and magnesium plays an important role in osmoregulation in triticale plants under stress conditions.