The purpose of this study is to develop roughness criteria of airport pavements based on aircraft response to ensure the safety in operation and the ride comfortability of aircraft. As the results, relationship between aircraft vertical acceleration and roughness of pavement was clarified using simulation program of aircraft response, APRas, and the roughness criteria in order to keep aircraft vertical acceleration under 0.4g for both runway and taxiway were obtained. To verify these roughness criteria, longitudinal profile was measured on runway of major domestic airport for three years, and roughness evaluation of the airport pavements was carried out using these criteria.