There is evidence that atherosclerosis begins early in life. We have examined atherosclerotic risk factors that are frequently detected in our country during the pediatric age span. Serum lipoprotein levels, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and plasma insulin levels were all suspected correlations, implying casual interrelationships. Although such relationships have been only partly elucidated, they possibly enhance premature atherosclerosis. Our observations suggest that we should assess risk factors in children and improve their physical activity and diet.